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Development Theory And Walt Whitman Rostows Theory Of...

MODERNISATION THEORY Development is an abstract and subjective concept but the most popular definition of development is the betterment of human kind (Cowen et al., 1995). Walt Whitman Rostow in 1960 published a model which claimed that development in underdeveloped nations could occur in five basic steps: Traditional Society, Preconditions to Take-off, Take-off, Drive to Maturity, Age of High Mass Consumption. Due to Rostow’s fierce anti-communist beliefs, his definition of development resorted to capitalism (Juliet Jacobs, 2017). Eventually, the profound effect of his model made it the most conceivable interpretation of development to the world. For example, a farmer is satisfied with the security of his livelihood and family, the†¦show more content†¦The main criteria to count as ODA is that it should promote development and welfare of developing countries as it principal aim. While one might argue that ODA is without any self-benefits in mind and is a waste of one’s countryâ₠¬â„¢s resources, ODA could also be seen as an investment that the developed countries make in the developing countries as they could benefit from it in the long term. Another reason why the ODA could be with self-interest is that a lot of problems that the developed nations lie elsewhere. Problems like disease pandemic, terrorism, migration, climate change, population control and allocation of resources could all be solved by the help of ODA. GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT(GAD) The Gender and development approach questions the roles and relations of male and female in the society along with arguing against the socially constructed gender differences. Male bias is one such social difference that is so deeply rooted in our society that a disadvantaged person might not even realise but might be sharing their life with people who are advantaged by it (Elson, 2008[1995]). Male bias doesn’t relate to male policy-makers consciously planning agendas in favour of males but it is the bias that works in the favour of men and against women because of the structure and upbringing by the society. In fact, sometimes women themselvesShow MoreRelatedRostows Theory Of Economic Growth1507 Words   |  7 Pages 2 Rostow’s theory of economic growth (or Rostovian take-off model), is historically one of the major models of economic growth. Published in 1960 by American economist Walt Whitman Rostow, the model dictates that economic growth occurs in five stages of fluctuating time periods. The five stages include 1) the traditional society, 2) the preconditions for take-off, 3) the take-off, 4) the drive to maturity, and finally, 5) the age of mass production. The following definitions were establishedRead MoreEssay on Modernization Theory: The Development Ladder1270 Words   |  6 PagesModernisation theory has been a dominant theory since post-World War II (McMichael 2012:5) to describe development and social change. It is structured and outlined through five different stages of development ladder proposed by Walt Whitman Rostow in The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto. (1961:4) The first premise of modernisation theory reflected by development ladder is that develop ment happened in a sequential process through stage by stage while the second premise underpinnedRead MoreModernization Theory Of The Post War Years1324 Words   |  6 Pages In his inaugural speech in 1949, Truman captured the United States’ optimistic sentiment with regards to development following the Second World War. The United States found themselves in a unique position where they had shown their military and technological prowess, were the only victor whose infrastructure had not been damaged by the war and saw themselves as the technological leader of the world and a model to be emulated. Along with growing fears about Cold War tensions and the threat of communismRead MoreRostow s Theory Of Economic Growth997 Words   |  4 Pages Rostow’s theory of economic growth (or Rostovian take-off model), is historically one of the major models of economic growth. Published in 1960 by American economist Walt Whitman Rostow, the model dictates that economic growth occurs in five stages of fluctuating time periods. The five stages include 1) the traditional society, 2) the preconditions for take-off, 3) the take-off, 4) the drive to maturity, and finally, 5) the age of mass production. The following definitions were established by WaltRead MoreThe Simulation Project3665 Words   |  15 Pagesamp; worst in..., 2006). As the name implies US Airways Group operates in the Airline industry. This paper will discuss how government regulations, hard and soft technologies, some political-legal barriers, sociocultural factors and two economic theories that are faced by US Airways Group are affected by their domestic and global environments. It will also offer a strategy for US Airways Group to countinue its growth and succe ss as an industry leader. As indicated from its name the domestic environmentRead MoreLewis and Rostow2297 Words   |  10 PagesOutline the theories of Lewis and Rostow and discuss their relevance in analysing the problems of development in LDC’s In the 1950’s, the two most prominent economists of the Western school were Arthur Lewis and Walt W. Rostow. Their theories had a significant impact on the policies of Western governments regarding development in LDC’s. Arthur Lewis claimed he was a classical economist because he disagreed with the neo-classical school. He argued that the neo-classical assumption of full employment

In the drama Bold Girls written by Rona Munro we observe the changes in four womans attitudes Essay Example For Students

In the drama Bold Girls written by Rona Munro we observe the changes in four womans attitudes Essay In the drama Bold Girls written by Rona Munro we observe the changes in four womans attitudes. We see how Cassie, Marie, Nora and Deirdre adapt to the present situation within Belfast, the Troubles. Rona Munro examines the character of every woman and allows us to sympathise with certain aspects of their life. However certain characters require a greater amount of sympathy than others. Bold Girls is a stirring play about three Bold women in Belfast during the Troubles. Marie, Nora and Cassie have been through a lot in their lives. Each of their men have either been killed or imprisoned for political activities. Although the men play an important role within the lives of the women they realise that their absence must not hinder them and so everyday life must continue. But with the appearance of a disturbing young girl, Deirdre and Cassies cruel revelations it is clear that the happy portrayal of their lives are false. We will write a custom essay on In the drama Bold Girls written by Rona Munro we observe the changes in four womans attitudes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The play Bold Girls made me sympathises with certain characters. Although throughout the novel my opinions were changing there was one character that remained at the forefront of my sympathy, Cassie. While my choice is not at first obvious I hope to explain my reasoning behind my choice below. Cassie throughout the novel has managed to live up to the Bold ideology by this I mean the pejorative connotations of the word bold. Cassie is not automatically a character that would demand sympathy, as she appears harsh, uncaring, self-obsessed and ruthless. However there are underlying reasons that I believe she requires the sympathy of the reader. These are as follows: In her life Cassie has been through what a handful of woman may never experience in total. Cassie has withheld false expectations about her father throughout her life she describes him as oh my daddy was a lovely man. Gentle.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. My daddy never lied to me. Where Nora remembers her husband Sean as drunk and boorish. Cassie sees a man pushed beyond endurance. Her disgust at Joe is countered by Noras respect for his lack of violence. Falsehood pervades even parental relationship. Fathers are either idolised or Vilified. Cassie adored her father and rejects her mothers view of him, but idolisation of her father contrasts with her disillusionment with men in general. But can Cassie remain completely immune and unaware of the truth? Cassie also all through her life has had to deal with favouritism within the family. She was regarded as being inferior to the men. Cassie always had to play second fiddle to their needs and wants. My mummy taught me how to raise my family. How to love them, how to spoil them. Even now that her husband and brother has been taken and placed within the Kesh due to political activities Cassie still must run attentively after them delivering fruit as instructed by her mother. As she explains poor Martin and poor Joe. Thats all she is allowed to give them, all  she can spoil them with. I think that no matter how hard Cassie tries she will never be able to live up to the idyllic representation of the men and so leaves her with a sense of rejection. Another aspect of Cassie life that I feel demanded sympathy from the reader was her marriage. Although Cassie claimed that she did not love Joe and is glad that he has been taken away from her sure they did me a favour when they lifted him. I do believe that this is just a faÃÆ' §ade, if Cassie allows herself to be lured into the world of regrets and emotion she may feel her self trapped in reality, a place that holds far to much truth for any of the woman to deal with, especially Cassie. .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 , .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 .postImageUrl , .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 , .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65:hover , .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65:visited , .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65:active { border:0!important; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65:active , .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65 .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua3931c6ce78c00fa2e8aebbe3b1bff65:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How does Priestley present the character of Sybil in An Inspector Calls EssayIn the course of the play I have noticed that although at certain points I have felt sympathy for Cassie there were moments when I began to doubt my emotions. I think that Cassie is a complex character and at points began to realise that Cassie can be very vindictive. I first became aware of this when Cassie reveals that she had been having an affair with Maries husband, Michael. This play is about the search for truth yet the woman lie to betray each other. The friendship of Cassie and Marie, apparently strong and supportive, is founded on lies. Cassie betrays Marie by sleeping with her husband and describing it as a window. Just a bit of excitement. Cassie, although, having destroyed Maries illusions with a truth of her own, tries to comfort her with the words: and he did always tell you the truth, but there is only so much of the truth anyone wants to hear. Cassie at this point is attempting to use Maries desire for martial bliss to justify her affair. I think at this point my opinion of Cassie changed and for the first time I realised how vindictive and manipulative she could actually be. In conclusion, this novel made me think about how fortunate I am to live in a secure area where I am distanced from the troubles of war, death and betrayal. In my opinion Bold Girls offers neither a sentimentalised picture of female friendship nor a caricature of male boorishness. It presents a picture of human beings struggling to survive in an environment which wears them down and destroys their youth and vitality. The play concludes with Maries realisation that what matters is not allocation of blame, but recognition that men and woman need each other. I dont think they know what they want at all or how to get it if they did. So they leave and weve it all to do but were missing each other even when we are together

Disadvantages and Advantages of Handphone free essay sample

Handphone also known as mobile phone or cell phone or smart phone, and is an electronic device used for mobile telecommunications (mobile telephony, text messaging or data transmission) over a cellular network of specialized base stations known as cell sites. Martin Cooper invented the handphone. He is a Motorola researcher and executive. Martin made the first call on a handheld mobile phone on April 3, 1973. Cells for handphone base stations were invented in 1947 by Bell Labs engineers. Handphones generally obtain power from batteries, which can be recharged from a USB port, from portable batteries, from mains power or a cigarette lighter socket in a car using an adapter often called battery charger or wall wart and from a solar panel or a dynamo that can also use a USB port to plug the phone. In addition to the battery, GSM handphones require a small microchip, called a Subscriber Identity Module or SIM Card, to function. We will write a custom essay sample on Disadvantages and Advantages of Handphone or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each SIM Card is activated by use of a unique numerical identifier; once activated, the identifier is locked down and the card is permanently locked in to the activating network. Handphone are a most useful tool. They has an alarm clock, a watch, an internet browser, a personal organizer, a calendar, a camera, a video camera, a voice recorder, a text messages, a GPS device, and a calculator, among other things. Rather than fear this new device, we need to embrace the technology and direct its use to support our mission of developing productive and civil citizens. We need to work to find ways in which to use this tool in class and to encourage the appropriate use of handphones in the same way we work to develop positive use of the Internet and explain the idea of netiquette online. There are many useful applications for mobile devices. Pod casting, live broadcasting, replying in real time to polls and quizzes in class, photo sharing, video sharing, and research online are just some of the ways this tool can be used in class. Handphones are used for a variety of purposes, including keeping in touch with family members, conducting business, and having access to a telephone in the event of an emergency. Some individuals keep multiple handphones in some cases for legitimate reasons such as having one phone for business and another for personal use, though a second handphone may also be used to covertly conduct an affair or illicit business transaction. Child predators are able to take advantage of handphones to secretly communicate with children without the knowledge of their parents or teachers, which has raised concerns. The most commonly used data application on hand phone is SMS text messaging, with 74% of all handphone users as active users (over 2. billion out of 3. 3 billion total subscribers at the end of 2007). SMS text messaging was worth over 100 billion dollars in annual revenues in 2007 and the worldwide average of messaging use is 2. 6 SMS sent per day per person across the whole handphone subscriber base (source Informed 2007). Handphone technology has improved drastically in the last few years. Even more drastic improvements and changes are just around the corner. Kee ping up with technological advances is not easy, particularly when benefits and drawbacks may not be clear, but it is necessary. Well-thought-out handphone policies enable schools to continue to reflect the society they serve. Digital responsibility and citizenship is a 21st century skill we need to develop within our students. Simply banning handphone from school is taking on a losing battle. I believe that teachers should need to accept the handphone as a part of their students lives and work to incorporate this new tool into the classroom environment. The most important advantage of handphones is that we can use them almost everywhere without cables or electricity. By using handphones, you can communicate with everyone whenever you want and wherever you are. Beside this, if there is an urgent situation, such as an accident or a meeting with someone, we certainly need a hand phone. Furthermore, we can access the internet by using a cell phone. Recently, the most common way of communication in the world has been the SMS. Handphones are not only used for communication, but they can also be used for taking pictures, listening to music, playing games, getting onto the internet, and so on. Advantages: Handphone can be a lifesaver It can be a lifesaver in emergency, students may provide vital or timely information to the police. It is good for law enforcement officials to be able to track the events leading up to and during the emergency through the use of handphone calls. Besides that, students are certainly upset and need to be able to communicate with their parents and loved ones. This makes a handphone a necessity for school. A CBS News online article, School Cell Phone Ban Causes Uproar stated, Yen Ramirez, a junior at Manhattans Washington Irving High, said students need their phones for emergencies. The ban is a problem because you never know what could happen. There have been school shootings and school lock downs in emergencies. Handphones could be a needed line of communication in difficult situations. Emergency Parents are able to contact their children when there is emergency or urgent situation. Student at school needs access to quick help or rescue. This is a sad reality, but it is true. Since handphones are lower in price for families with plans that allow air time to be shared between family members, it is entirely possible to provide children with handphones. If there is an emergency at their school, students have a way of contact the police to report the problem. To be able to contact their parent Handphones are essential tools; it is useful to both parents and students when scheduling after-school activities and changes in family plan. It is for the peace of mind for parents. Parents rely on handphones to be able to contact their children when they go out after school, and use handphones to reassure their child when they are running late or if they cannot pick their child up. Learning Handphones have many features that could be easily incorporated into classroom learning. Most of the time computer labs are not able to be accessed by classroom teachers other than those teaching information technology courses. An online article Controversy in the Classroom, by Katherine Shaw states, For schools with limited technologies available to students, handphones imitate the computers that the classroom may lack. Handphones may have texting capabilities, voice recorders, cameras and video cameras, as well as access to the Internet. For instance, student may access learning material in different forms either through authority or visually by text on a screen. Students may not have the same handphone with the same technology capabilities but offering them options with differentiated instruction could lead to a variety of projects to be shared in class. Handphone can be a dictionary tool in it. For example, if the student are facing some problem in pronunciation, they can check on the dictionary and pronounce it correctly, this can improved their learning skill. Handphone is also a reminder for student, so those students are able to remember thing that are important. According to SMK La Salle (Petaling Jaya) principal A Rajenthran said that, we allowed students to bring their handphone for convenience and security reasons. Many parents want to be able to contact their children. They also want their children to be able to contact them in case of an emergency. We set up a process where students who want to bring their handphone can do so, but they have to first register with us. † We cannot run away from the fact that handphones make things extremely convenient these days. Bringing Handphones to School can Boost Students’ Responsibility In a way, bringing handphones to school can actually boost the students responsibilit y. Therefore, they would have learned a valuable lesson of responsibility to take care and avoid lose their handphones. Besides that, students are reminded that they are bringing handphones to school at their own risks. Schools can confiscate student’s handphone if they do not comply with the guidelines. Handphones Can Save Students’ Times Students can use the camera application to capture the important notes that teacher give within few seconds compare to copy word by word using and waste lots of time. Therefore, teacher can use the remaining time to continue the curriculum. Handphones Can Help Students Be More Organized Most students will not carry a paper planner. We need to integrate their handphones devices as their planner giving them homework reminders, letting them poll, podcast, blog, and study using these mobile devices. They have them with ALL of the time which make is perfect for using as a planner. According to the Franklin Covey planning course, rule number one was Always have your planners with you. Students can be reminded of things from their Google Calendar, which integrates with the calendar use for planning. Youre fighting a losing battle Many educators are seeing that truly, banning cell phones is not a battle that is going to be won. We think that parents are going to demand that it be on their child for safety reasons. The chaperone feature lets the parents use GPS to know where their child is at all times.